Full removable drum head clamping ring



Aug- 2, 1938. R. CAMPBELL ET AL 2,125,767

4FULL REMOVABLE DliUM HEAD CLAMPING RING Filed March 19, 1935 3Sheets-Shea?I 1 Fica. 3 5054 58 6.0 i612 Idol. 7B Pracr Aug. 2, 1938. R.CAMPBELL ET Ar.

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Aug. 2, 1938. R. CAMPBELL ET AL I FULL REMOVABLE DRUM HEADVGLAMPING RINGI 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed March 19. 1935 Patented Aug. 2, 1938 RIN RobertCampbell, West Island, N. Y., and .lohn N. J., assignors to Atlas tion,Bayonne, N. J., Jersey` New Brighton, Staten R. Proctor, Bayonne, SteelBarrel Corporaa corporation of New Application March 1t), 1935, SerialNo. 11,884 1,2 claims. (o1. 22o- 61) Our invention relates to open-endedreceptacles o-r drums and has particular reference to mecha-4 nism forinsuring a duid-tight seal between the closure member and the openend'of the drum.` i It is customary, particularly in conjunction withthe shipment of fluids such as oil, etc., to providey an open-endedmetallic drum having a rolled bead extending around the outerperipheryof the open end. A closure member having an outer marginal flangeadapted to seat upon the aforesaid bead is positioned over `the open endof the drum and some suitablemechanism associated with the drum anddrumhead assembly for maintaining a fluid-tight seal.

Heretofore it has been quite common practice to use a sor-called fullremovable clamping ring, v channeled in cross section, to embrace thedrum head flange and drum bead for the purpose of making and maintainingthe seal. It isl apparent that such a clamping ring must be so `designedas to render it `easily associated with the drum and drum head assembly.To that end the ring is customarily split and some mechanism providedfor connecting the two ends of thering and .drawing the same togethertightly about the superposed flange and bead. Heretofore linkage of onetype or another, as well as bolts threaded through lugs secured to theends of lthe ring, have been used with some degree of success. Suchmechanisms for drawing the ring tightly about the bead of the flange,however, possessy certain inherent disadvantages, such as a 'tendency tobind as the ends are `drawn together, lack of capacity insofarasadaptability to dif-` ferentsized drum and drum head assemblies isconcerned, etc. c

A broad object of the invention is to insure easeV of placing andremoving the ring vandtor obtain uniform travel of each half thereof,thereby `insuring perfect seating around the full circumference .and atthe same time drawing up the open ends of the ring snugly. i l A furtherobject is to eliminate the disadvantages which have been found in otherclamping rings and to provide a means for drawing the ring about thedrum and drum head assembly which will eliminate all possibility ofbinding. This object is accomplished by providing a novel ring enddrawing means which functions first to seat the ring firmly against thesuperposed drum', bead and head flange at a point diametrically oppositethe split ends of the ring and subsequently draws each half or segmentof the ring about the drum with a sort of fwrapping acmeans of rivets28.

V UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE tion until the entire ring is clampedrmly about the drum. Y

Still another object of the invention is to provide for a substantialamountof adjustability in the ring end drawing mechanism, therebyenlarging the capacity of the stan-dard ring for use with drum and drumhead stock of varying dimensions.

Y, Various other objects of the invention willbe apparent from thefollowing description taken in conjunction with the drawings, wherein:Figure l is a plan View of the ring end drawing mechanism, showing thering in full closed position,`

`Figure 2 is a plan view of the locking means provided for the operatingmember ofthe ring end drawing mechanism,

Figure 3 is a section through line 3--3 of Figure 2,

tially closed position, respectively.

Conventional metallic drums are usually provided with an outerperipheral rolled bead l upon which the marginal flange l2 of a drumhead lll is adapted to seat. Itis customary to provide a gasket I6between the drum bead and l the drum head flange for the purpose ofobtain-r ing a more perfect seal between the closure member. Y

A channel-shaped clamping ringV i8 is provided at oradjacent its splitends with inwardly extending lugs 20, which are provided with slots 22and 23 extending diagonally downward `towardthe split ends of the ring.These lugs may be Welded or otherwisesecured to the ring, or they may beintegral therewith.V Rack arms 24 and 26, respectively, are pivoted inthe slots, as by It will be noted that the pivot point of rack 24 isdisposed laterally away from and below the pitch line of the rack teeth.This insures an inward pull on its respective ring end as the rack iismoved.

. A rack and pinion guide 29; including upper and lower guide plates 30and 32, receives a knurled stud 34 which projects .downwardly throughand beyond the lower guide plate. vAn interiorly broached pinion 36 ismounted upon drum and its 42 extending transversely through the lowerportion of said stud.

Referring to Figures 4-7, itis to be noted that the upper guide plate 30is provided with downwardly struck end portions 3| and 33 which areadapted to fit into openings 35 andY 31 in the lower guide plate 32. Inassembling the mechanism, pinion 36 is first pressed over the knurledstud 34 and the head of the stud is positioned in opening 33 of theupper guide member. The openings in lower guide plate 32 are thenpositioned over the downwardly struck ends 3| and 33 of said upper guidemember, which ends are peined as illustrated at 4l. As is apparent inFigure 4, the opening 40 in locking lever 38 is pressed over the knurledstud 34, which extends downwardly through an opening 44 in the lowerguide plate. It is to be noted that the lower guide plate is providedwith an outwardly extending portion 46, the function of which will bedescribed more clearly hereafter. The locking racks are next inserted byplacing locking lever 38 in wide open position and then moving the leverso that both racks enter the guide simultaneously.

When the ring is in full opened position, ready to be placed over thebarrel, the rivet pivots in the racks are forced to the upper ends ofthe slots 22 and 23, away from the ends of the split ring as illustratedin Figure 8. Subsequently, as the lever is moved across the face of thedrum head to locking position, guide 29 floats toward the inside edge ofthe head flange until the extension 46 on the lower guide plate abutssaid flange. During such movement the ring I seats firmly against thedrum bead and head ange assembly at a point diametrically opposite theposition of the guide. This is clearly illustrated at 48 in Figure 9.During this initial locking movement the ends of the split ring I0will'be drawn tangentially toward one another, but such ends will not bedrawn inwardly toward the drum to any substantial extent. The rivetpivots remain at the upper ends of the slots during this movement.

On further movement of the locking lever the twohalves or segments ofthe ring I3 will be progressively wrapped snugly around the drum beadand head flange assembly from the point 48 and the ring ends will beginto draw in more rapidly toward the drum, in addition to approaching oneanother. It will be apparent that guide 29 has now become an anchor byreason of the fact that the extension 46 of the lower guide plate hascome to rest against the head flange. Therefore, as illustrated inFigure 1, nal movement of the locking lever will tend to draw the endsof the ring inwardly as well as together because the guide is no longerfree to float after it has anchored against the drum flange.

On completion of movement of the locking lever the parts will be in theposition illustrated in Figure 1, the slots 22 and 23 in the lugs havingbeen drawnv along the rivet pivots 28 during the nal locking movement asthe ends of the ring are drawn up snugly to embrace the drum bead andhead flange. l

Means are provided for retaining the locking lever in full lockedposition, such means having been shown for illustrative purposes asconstituting a lug U which may be welded or otherwise secured to thering. This lug is provided with a depending stop flange 52. The lever 38is of spring metal and, having been forced under the top flange 52, willbe held in position thereby. A slot 54 is provided in lug 50 with whicha corresponding slot 56 in lever 38 is adapted to register when saidlever is in full locked position.

To insure against opening of the container or drum during shipment, apin 58 may be inserted through the registered slots 54 and 56 and wiredas indicated at 60. Often the wire 50, threaded through the registeredslots, is sulicient, it being apparent that this is not intended as aneffective locking device and can merely indicate that the contents ofthe drum have been tampered with during shipment.

By reason of the simultaneous and progressive wrapping action of eachl80-degree segment of the ring after the same has anchored against thedrum at 48, all binding of the ring as the same is drawn about theclosure assembly is eliminated. This easy, effective wrapping actioninsures rapid placement of the ring in position and locking of the sameto insure a fluid-tight seal. By reason of the floating ring end drawingmechanism a ring of given circumference may be opened substantiallywider than other rings of the same circumference, thereby insuring easeof handling and adaptability for drum head assemblies of varying sizes.

A further important feature of the invention resides in the adjustablityprovided by the operating mechanism. It will be apparent that lock ingarm 38 may be removed from the knurled stud 34 and positioned as desiredto provide any arc of swing suitable for the particular drum beingclosed. Furthermore, the pinion may be rotated with reference to theknurled stud to provide the same sort of adjustability, therebyconsiderably widening the range or capacity of the clamping ring.Variations in gasket size, furthermore, frequently necessitates suchrange of adjustability.

It will be noted that an effective closing force is available at allpoints of the locking levers swing. This is in contradistinction to theaction of the more conventional closing mechanism wherein linkage isoperated by a lever for the purpose of drawing the ring ends together.The link type of closure mechanism cannot exert any closing force afterthe linkage has reached dead center.

While one particular means of rotating the pinion to actuate the ringend drawing racks has been illustrated, it will be apparent that aspring pawl arrangement may be utilized with equal success for thispurpose. Having illustrated a preferred form of our improvement,modications thereof will be obvious to those skilled in the art and forthat reason we wish to limit ourselves only within the scope of theappended claims.

What we claim is:

1. In combination with a split clamping ring adapted to embrace the headand ilange of an assembled drum and removable drum head, a manuallyoperable assembly pivotally associated with and bodily movable withreference to the ends of the ring and connecting the same operable tofirst draw the ring firmly against the head and flange at a pointdiametrically opposite the split portion of the ring and subsequentlywrap each half of said ring progressively about the head and flange.

2. In combination with a split clamping ring adapted to embrace thecontiguous head and flange of a drum and removable drum head assembly,means within the ring enclosure con` necting the ends thereof andmovable bodily with reference thereto for drawing the ends together,said means including a member adapted to float against the inner face ofthe drum head iiange and form an anchor for the closing ends.

3. A full removable drum head clamping member comprising a split ringhaving inwardly extending lugs at' the ends thereof, rack arms pivotedto said lugs, a guide member positioned between said lugs slidablyreceiving said rack arms, a pinion rotatably mounted in said guide inoperative relation to said racks, and means for rotating said pinion.

4. In combination with a split ring, ring end drawing mechanismincluding a pair of arms connected with the ends of said ring through alost motion connection and means connected with each of said armsoperable to draw the same together.

5. A clamping member including in combination a split ring, rack armspivotally connected With said ring adjacent the ends thereof, and apinion positioned between said ring ends by said rack arms.

6. A clamping member including in combination a split channeled ring,rack arms pivotally associated with said ring adjacent the ends thereof,a pinion and guide assembly operatively receiving the ends of said rackarms, and means for rotating said pinion to draw said ring endstogether.

7. A clamping ring including in combination a split channeled ring, anarm associated with each respective end of said ring, an independentmember intermediately disposed with reference to said ring ends adaptedto receive said arms, and means associated with said member movablesubstantially within the plane of the ring and cooperable with said armsfor continuously drawing each ring end toward the other withsubstantially equal increments of movement.

8. In combination with a split clamping ring adapted to embrace thecontiguous head and flange of a drum and removable drum head assembly,means within the ring enclosure connecting the ends thereof and movablebodily with reference thereto for drawing the ends together, said meansincluding a member adapted to float against the inner face of the drumhead flange and form an anchor for the clos ing ends during the latterportion of their closing movement and exert pressure on the wall of thecover flange opposite the split in the ring after complete closure.

9. The combination with an open-ended container having a bead extendingaround the outer periphery of its open end and a removable cover havinga marginal flange oiset from the plane of the Cover Seated upon saidbead, of a split channeled closure ring adapted to embrace said bead andflange to clamp them together, and means for contracting said ring aboutsaid bead and flange including a pair of arms pivotally connected withthe ring ends and means operable on the free ends of said arms to drawthe ring ends towards one another, said last-mentioned means includinga, member operable during contraction of the ring to contact the Wall ofsaid flange intermediate the split ends of the ring and exert radialpressure outwardly thereon without relative movement between thecontacting parts and to maintain pressure thereagainst after the ring isfully contracted.

10. In combination with a split clamping ring adapted Vto embrace thehead and iange oi an assembled drum and removable drum head including awall oiTsetting said ilange from the plane of the head, a manuallyoperable assembly pivotally associated with and bodily mov able withreference to the ends of the ring connecting the same and operable toirst draw the ring irmly against the head and flange at a pointdiametrically opposite the split portion of the ring and subsequentlywrap each half of said ring progressively about the head and ange, saidassembly including a member operableduring contraction of the ring tocontact the wall of said flange intermediate the split ends of the ring,and exert radial pressure outwardly thereon without relative movementbetween the contacting parts and to maintain pressure thereagainst afterthe ring is fully contracted.

11. The combination with an open-ended container having a bead extendingaround the outer periphery oi its open end and a removable cover havinga marginal flange oiset from the plane of the cover seated upon saidbead, of a split channeled ring adapted to embrace said bead and ilangeto clamp them together, and means for contracting said ring about saidbead and flange, said means comprising arms in pivotal connection withthe ends of said ring, a member disposed intermediate the split ends ofsaid ring for receiving the free ends of said arms, means positioned bysaid member operable to draw said arms towards one another withsubstantially equal increments of movement, and means associated withsaid member operable during contraction of the ring to contact the wallof said iiange intermediate the split ends of the ring and exert radialpressure outwardly thereon without relative movement between thecontacting parts to thereby assist in centering the ring about the drumhead assembly and induce simultaneous wrapping action of each 180-degreesector of said ring.

12. The combination with an open-ended container having a bead extendingaround the outer periphery of its open end and a removable cover havinga marginal flange offset from the plane of the cover seated upon saidbead, of a split channeled ring adapted to embrace said bead and flangeto clamp them together, and means for contracting said ring about saidbead and ange, said means including an arm associated with eachrespective end of said ring, an independent member intermediatelydisposed with reference to said ring ends adapted to receive said arms,and means associated with said member cooperating with said arms fordrawing each ring end toward the other, said member including meansoperable during contraction of the ring to contact the Wall of said angeintermediate the split ends of the ring and exert radial pressureoutwardly thereon without substantial relative movement between thecontacting parts and to maintain pressure thereagainst after the ring isfully contracted.

ROBT. CAMPBELL. JOHN R. PROCTOR.

